Dr. N S Ramanuja Tatacharya was born to Krishnaswamy Tatacharya and Rajalakshmi on 15th April 1928 at Navalpakkam Village, North Arcot District, Tamilnadu. Navalpakkam Sri Ramanuja Tatacharya is one of the Ace Scholar in the fields of Nyaya, Vyakarana, Mimamsa and Vedanta.
He studied at Sri Venkateswara Oriental College in Tirupati, Sanskrit College in Sriperumbudur and Devanatha Tatacharya Swami and University of Madras. By the age of 16 he became a full-fledged Naiyayika after which he attained proficiency in Vyakarana, Mimamsa and Vedanta effortlessly.
N.S Ramanuja Tatacharya joined the Government Oriental Manuscripts Library, Chennai and assisted the Curator in editing and publishing many a Sanskrit text under the Madras Government Oriental Series. In 1958 Tatacharya joined the Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, Pune to work in the Sanskrit Dictionary Project under the guidance of S.M.Katre. In 1964 he joined the Kendriya Vidyapitha, Tirupati and later became the Principal of that institution. When the Vidyapitha was recognised as a deemed university he became its first Vice-Chancellor and retired in 1994.
In recognition of his scholarship the President of India conferred the Certificate of Honour for Proficiency in Sanskrit on him and many religious institutions have honoured him with awards. He received the " Chevalier of Légion d'honneur" in 2012, the highest decoration in France and Padma Bhushan by Government of India in 2016.